Long Island Sound is an estuary located between the southern shore of Connecticut and the north shore of Long Island, New York. It is influenced by the tides, with a large exchange with ocean water in the east and minor exchange with New York Harbor in the west. It has an average depth of 60 feet (20 meters) and a maximum depth of over 300 feet (100 meters).
Both development and density of people increase from east to west along the Sound. There is intense development in the west, where the Sound meets the East River in New York City. People recreate in the water and along shorelines throughout the Sound.
Long Island Sound plays a significant role in the region’s economy. In the past, it supported abundant fisheries, such as oysters, scallops, and lobsters. Additionally, salt marshes and seagrasses were widespread. These resources have been reduced as a result of environmental degradation from development, fishing pressure, and climate change. Nevertheless, the Sound is still a great place to live and play. Reducing pollution, protecting and restoring coastal habitats, and increasing our resiliency to climate change by protecting our coastal lands will only increase the value of this important resource.